In electronic applications, a synchronous relationship between the signals needs to be preserved for that phase measurement is required. In a Traditional electronic systems, the time measurement system is designed by using classical mixed signal approach. But it causes uncertainty in phase relationship between the recovered signals. To avoid this uncertainty, minute phase shift change register and phase measurement logic core is designed inside an FPGA with high resolution and precision in the range of few Pico seconds. The working principle present in the proposed system is systematic sampling, here subsamples are accumulated over the phase detector signal. The newly designed logic core can operate over a wide range of digital clock frequencies, ranging from a few kilohertz to the maximum frequency that is supported within the FPGA fabric. The Proposed System Implemented using Verilog HDL and Simulated by Model sim6.4 c and Synthesized by Xilinx tool. The proposed system implemented in FPGA Spartan 3 XC3S 200 TQ-144.

Index Terms: Field-programmable gate array (FPGA), jitter, phase calculator, phase polarity, subsampling, successive approximation, synchronization, systematic sampling, VLSI, XOR-based phase detector.

The objective of proposed system is to design the weighted based cell segmentation algorithm for multiple scan-chains BIST in order to reduce the average power consumption during the scan in of new test vectors, and to reduce the test application time. The technique is based on selecting the best group of cells to be connected in the same scan-chain. This group of cells should have the same or very close weight of logic 1's and 0's that will be optimal to get the highest fault coverage in a specified test length. Then each scan-chain input will be connected to an output of a combinational circuit located after the Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) that will generate biased test vectors according to the optimal weight of this segment of cells in the scan-chain. Thus, increasing the fault coverage and smoothing the applied test patterns will reduce the power consumption. The System is designed by using Verilog HDL and Simulation will be done through Modelsim 6.4 c. Finally the Synthesis will be done by means of using Xilinx FPGA with the model of Spartan 3 XC3S 200 TQ-144.

A coupled line narrowband filter with second harmonic suppression is presented. A Novel narrow bandpass filter with sharp rejection at the lower frequency is proposed using open loop resonator. The stopband characteristics of complementary circular split ring resonator (CSRR) are studied and designed to suppress the second harmonic frequency. CSRR loaded with the proposed filter for harmonic suppression is demonstrated. The CSRR is optimized to create the required bandstop characteristics without affecting the desired bandpass frequency. The proposed CSRR configuration provides a harmonic suppression at 2.8 GHz and open loop resonator resonates at 1.5 GHz to bandpass the desired frequency. Results are compared with the full wave simulation analysis and presented.

Keywords: Complementary circular split ring resonator; openloop resonator; harmonic suppression.

In this wireless communication era, Antenna plays a vital role for reliable communication. The antenna which satisfies the design constraints and fulfills most of the requirements of wireless communication is microstrip antenna. The low power handling capability and easy fabrication of microstrip antenna helps to achieve compactness and reliability of the system. In specific, antennas for WLAN are a challenging one when designed with high frequency. The antenna proposed in here consists of a defected ground structure in the form of Meander in the ground plane and patch with a slot on the other side. The frequency of the proposed antenna is 4.9 GHz.The dielectric substrate used is FR4 with dielectric constant 4.4 and loss tangent 0.02.The proposed antenna is designed with return loss of -38.88 db, VSWR of 1.02 .The antenna parameters are analyzed by Antenna Design Software CST microwave studio.

Keywords: Defected Ground Structure DGS, Meander, WLAN, CST, Micro strip Antenna, IEEE802.11

A modified hexagonal Sierpinski gasket-based fractal antenna is proposed for ultrawide-band (UWB) wireless applications. The designed antenna has miniaturized (36 48 mm2) and multiband characteristics. Two design guidelines, the partial ground plane technique and the circular annular ring patch on the substrate, are applied to improve impedance matching and radiation pattern characteristics. According to the simulation results, the proposed modi ed antenna has a re ection coefficient S11 of less than {15 dB, a linear phase of the reflection coefficient, 80% radiation efficiency, 2{4.5 dBi antenna gain, and omnidirectional radiation pattern properties over the full UWB spectrum (3.1{10.6 GHz). Simulated results obtained for this antenna show the expected good radiation behavior within the full 7.5-GHz UWB bandwidth.

Key words: Ultrawide-band antenna, Sierpinski gasket, miniaturized, multiband

Embedded is a combination of software and hardware, when a technology is used to do a particular task it is called embedded system. Embedded system is widely used automobiles, industrial automation, home appliances, mobile and aeronautics. Embedded technology uses PC or a controller to do the specified task and the programming is done using assembly language programming or embedded C. Wireless Sensor Network technologies have become a latest research area in health care industries due to rapid maturity in improving the quality of life of a patient. Wireless Sensor Networks when work in medical field provide continuous monitoring of vital health parameters which over a long period of time provide doctors much needed help to make accurate diagnosis and giving better treatment using Internet of things.

Keywords: Gps, Heat Sensor, Iot, Micro Controller, Relay.

In-memory memory mechanisms become the new trend for multiple high-performance systems such as Database and Real-time processing systems. With the proliferation of social networks and mobile multimedia applications, Approximate Nearest Neighbor (ANN) search has become even more demanding as it needs to maintain high search accuracy over a massive amount of multimedia content. To achieve a high search accuracy, ANN search framework focus on two main process: i) the efficient index/storage ii) the similarity search. An approximate media storm indexing mechanism was introduced to handle fast incoming images. This mechanism indexes the new descriptor vectors however it does not provide parallelization while indexing new descriptors. Also this mechanism provides high latency and high CPU issue while performing ANN search since multiple duplicate images will be indexed. Hence in the proposed method, the approximate media storm indexing mechanism utilizes the Map Reduce paradigm to parallelize the sequential indexing mechanism by indexing the images in a non-complex data structure and eliminate the duplicate indexing in the database. The query image is processed and retrieved with existing images using Euclidean and Manhattan distance method thus reducing the I/O latency while performing image search and retrieval.

Keywords: ANN, Multimedia Content, Indexing Mechanism, Map-Reduce Framework, Query based Image Retrieval.

A crisis occasion is an abrupt, pressing, generally unforeseen episode or event that requires a quick response or help for crisis circumstances, which assumes an undeniably critical job in the worldwide economy and in our day-by-day lives. As of late, the web is turning into an imperative occasion data supplier and storehouse because of its continuous, open, and dynamic highlights. In this paper, web assets based states recognizing calculation of an occasion is created to tell the general population of a crisis occasion unmistakably and help the social gathering or government process the crisis occasions adequately. The connection among web and crisis occasions is first presented, which is the establishment of utilizing web assets to identify the highly sensitive situation occasions imaged on the web. Second, five worldly highlights of crisis occasions are created to give the premise to state discovery. Moreover, the episode control and the vacillation control are displayed to incorporate the above fleeting highlights for estimating the diverse conditions of a crisis occasion. Utilizing these two powers, a programmed state distinguishing calculation for crisis Occasions is proposed. What's more, heuristic guidelines for recognizing the highly sensitive situations occasion on the web are talked about. Our assessments utilizing true informational indexes exhibit the utility of the proposed calculation, as far as execution and adequacy in the examination of crisis occasions.

Keywords: Events; emergency management; automatic states detection; web mining.

The proposed T shaped resonator structure can be used as the building block of improved design filters with tunable operating frequency. Micro strip antenna is an electrical antenna which consists of a metallic patch on a grounded substrate. To minimize the interference with using tunable notch bands. Micro strip antennas were primarily used for space borne applications which uses frequencies of the microwave range. The main intention of this project is to design and characterize Rectangular Microstrip patch antenna to operate with UHF-band frequency of 240MHz. In this development, a Rectangular Micro strip antenna resonating at 240MHz frequency has been designed and characterized using HFSS(High Frequency Structural Simulator) software. The parameters of the antenna in the element of the bandwidth, radiation pattern, and return loss have been found out using the HFSS software. The specific frequency chosen here is used for space communications, radar applications, amateur radio, other terrestrial communications and networking.

Keywords: Circular polarized, Patch antenna, UHF satcom, HFSS,

Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial Service (DDoS) attacks are a large scale and coordinated attack on availability of a network resource or a victim system. Researchers have come up with more suitable solutions to the DoS and DDoS problems. However, attackers are enriching their capability of DoS attacks and develop the new attacks. This paper lays down the survey of DoS attacks and its different countermeasures that are available in the literature. We discuss and analyze these real time attacks based on the solitude mechanism used, methods, ease of deployment and the network overhead involved. Our onerous survey study presented in this paper provides a platform for the study of evolution of DDoS attacks and their defense mechanisms moreover, a proposed method for avoiding DDoS attacks is also included in this summary.

Keywords: Firewall, DDoS attack, Ingress monitoring, CAPTCHA, Puzzle, Countermeasure.

The internet users are regularly increasing day by day. After the launching of the 4G or IMT-Advanced services, communication over internet increased drastically. People across all the communities like social, economic, business, financial, etc. are doing communication or exchanging their valued documents over internet. The demand for securing the data in efficient way has been increased. As, cryptography is the best way to secure the communication. This work implements the chaotic algorithm which guarantees the security of the information. The proposed encryption/decryption algorithm is devised based on NEQR quantum image representation. Simulation analysis shows that the proposed quantum image encryption approach is robust, realizable, and has high efficiency compared with its classical counterpart.

Keywords: chaotic systems, cryptography, Quantum Image, Qubits, NEQR